Load testing maintenance ensures that you know how many pounds the hoist can handle, and it helps to keep the hoist good working condition. Prior to starting all demolition operations, OSHA 1926.850 (a) requires that an engineering survey of the structure be conducted by a competent person. Lifting and rigging crews controlling access of employees into lifting areas and the swing radius of the crane. -- Requires operators to take and pass a written and road test (similar to a driver's education) before they can operate the forklift. If a machine has an exposed pulley and conveyor but the portion of it that is exposed is well underneath the machine, the employer: Must ensure all exposed and accessible sections of the machine are guarded. Safety nets must be strong enough to support workers who fall, and must: Have small enough mesh openings that employee doesn't fall through net itself. Train each employee assigned to work on or near the equipment ("authorized personnel") in how to recognize struck-by and pinch/crush hazard areas posed by the rotating superstructure. OSHA also regulates that overhead crane operators use precautions when working near power lineseven outside of the 10-foot radius. Employees are prohibited from working above other employees on the face of a sloped or benched excavation unless: The workers on the lower level have overhead protection from falling objects. Move the personnel platform slowly and cautiously and have rotation-resistant rope with a safety factor of 10 Have all brakes and locking devices set when the occupied personnel platform is in stationary position The three main scaffold types are aerial lifts, supported scaffolds and Suspended scaffolds The critical first step in developing a comprehensive safety and health program is to identify physical and health hazards at a work site. Employers must provide a training program that teaches employees who might be exposed to fall hazards: How to recognize such hazards and how to minimize them. Concrete foundation: A tower crane always sits on a concrete foundation, where anchors are placed to secure the crane to the ground. This will help create visual clues for workers to ensure that the crane is always positioned so that the boom and hoist line cant intrude in the danger zone. The competent person determines that it is safe to do so and implements measures necessary to restrain the boom hoist and telescoping, load, swing, and outrigger or stabilizer functions. -- Resist penetration by objects and absorb the shock of a blow While both involve similar kinds of work, the type of crane operated and the work U.S. Office of Personnel Management 3 Best practices that keep employees safe from falls when working at heights include: Always use a fall protection system. 10. It is essential that you have the manufacturers operating manuals and are familiar with your particular crane. If there is no controlling entity, the employer (if there is only one employer operating the multiple pieces of equipment), or employers, must institute such a system. Operate cranes according to safety procedures and local laws. 1 of 6 Type of Job Being Analyzed Risk Assessment on Lifting Works Department/Section Originate JSA Risk Assessment Team JOB Performers Additional approvals (Determine by . 2. Ensure the load is properly balanced and secured before the crane lifts it. A range of people have specific responsibilities for cranes including the: crane designer, manufacturer, importer and/or supplier crane owner and other persons with management or control of the crane or the workplace where a crane will operate competent person who inspects cranes, and Qualifications -- The duration of exposure to the noise The purpose of this survey is: determine the condition of the structure so that measures can be taken, if necessary, to prevent the premature collapse of any portion of the structure. Because the number of injuries from operating powered industrial trucks was on the rise, the OSHA standard for Powered Industrial Trucks was revised March 1, 1999. 3. (Your Answer). No modifications or additions that affect the capacity or safe operation of a crane or derrick should ever be made without: The manufacturer's written approval, which should be kept on file (Your Answer). It extends to all personnel in the vicinity. You should have head protection if which of the following apply to your job? When working at ground floor level near a cellar wall, the crane's outrigger pads or tracks should be placed: a. as close as possible to the wall b. at least as far back as the depth of the wall below ground c. at a distance at least half the depth of the cellar wall below ground d. anywhere, since the wall is unaffected by the weight of . Provide guards on power tools and other equipment with moving parts (Your Answer). Thats because the loads being lifted by overhead hoists tend to be fairly heavy and cause serious damage if dropped. 5. Electrical burns are the most serious of the three major types of burns, and most often occur: On the hands, from direct contact with current (Your Answer). If the boom contacts a power line, the operator holding the control box is usually electrocuted instantly. Each year nearly 200 people die from power line contact and about three times as many are seriously injured. Before an abrasive wheel is mounted, it should be inspected closely and: Sound- or ring-tested to ensure that it is free from cracks or defects (Your Answer). When operating a crane, they must be supervised by a qualified operator who meets the requirements of 1926.1427, and is familiar with the crane's operation, characteristics, and hazards. Managers and safety professionals need to consider safe work practices for workers who are required to work on or near operating cranes. Rigid Lifelines is a division of Spanco, Inc. 2021 Spanco | Site Credit | Privacy | Terms | Affiliations. When dismantling a scaffold, all work should be conducted: Tube and coupler scaffolds over 125 feet high must be designed by: What type of scaffold - other than the tube and coupler scaffold - is ideal for use around complex structures? Power line contact is literally defined as the inadvertent contact of any metal part of a crane with a high-voltage power line. A system used to arrest a worker in a fall from a working level that consists of an anchorage, connectors, a body belt or body harness, and may include a lanyard, deceleration device, lifeline, or suitable combinations of these is called a: When no other alternative fall protection has been implemented, the employer shall implement a safety monitoring system. Employees working in the vicinity of a crane must take care to avoid what kind of accident? Employees and employers need to have a full understanding of the risks of falling objects and lax protocols when operating a crane. 3. 1. 2. This scaffold is simply a rope attached to a harness with an assembly like a boatswain's chair for the worker to sit in. Ability to read and understand safety-related instructions, diagrams and other materials related to operating cranes. True or False: Once a fall protection device has been inspected by a competent person and deemed safe for use by an employee, it is up to the employee to inspect it regularly and ensure that it still meets OSHA requirements. Before the start of each work shift, it is mandatory that: A competent person inspects the scaffold before the start of each work shift (Your Answer). During their migration, whooping cranes seek out wetlands and agricultural fields where they can roost and feed. Power tools should never be carried by the cord or hose or be yanked from a receptacle by the cord or hose; and cords and hoses should be kept away from: 4. Power line contact most often occurs when the crane is moving materials nearby or under energized power lines and the hoist line or boom touches one of them. A single contact with power lines can result in multiple deaths and injuries. If the hoist tower is not enclosed, the hoist platform or car must be totally enclosed on all sides for the full height between the floor and: 1. Between 1989 and 2009, there were 86 identified incidents involving the collapse or major structural failure of a tower crane. Areas that are considered hazardous are referred to as danger zones, and crane operators should be clearly notified of all potential danger zones. Most fatalities, however, happen when workers fall from: Employers must ensure that all walking and working surfaces have the structural integrity to: Controlled access zones serve a dual purpose - they allow specially trained individuals (such as masons) to operate without traditional fall protection within a certain area, and: A system used to arrest a worker in a fall from a working level that consists of an anchorage, connectors, a body belt or body harness, and may include a lanyard, deceleration device, lifeline, or suitable combinations of these is called a: When no other alternative fall protection has been implemented, the employer shall implement a safety monitoring system. Next, determine if any part of the equipment, load line or load (including rigging and lifting accessories), if operated up to the equipment's maximum working radius in the work zone, could get closer than 20 feet . Employees working around overhead cranes should always wear proper head, foot, hand, and eye protection. Crane signalmen keeping crane operators informed when anyone is within the cranes swing radius and stopping operations until clear. Assist with assembling and/or disassembling components of the crane as needed. 2. At holes, guardrail systems must be set up: On all unprotected sides or edges (Your Answer). A crane operator must always lower a load to the ground before leaving the lift or during idle times. Understand, use, and teach proper lifting techniques for different types of loads. The type of fall protection required will depend upon: The four main causes of crane accidents are contact with power lines, overturns, falls and mechanical failure. . Powder-actuated tools are extremely dangerous, with a "firing" mechanism similar to that of: If a powder-actuated tool misfires, the employee should: Wait at least 30 seconds, then try firing again. Follow all local laws and safety regulations as they pertain to rigging operations. Moving the crane too quickly and jerking the hoist when its bearing a heavy load can be hazardous to the crane operator and workers nearby. Occupational Safety & Health Administration. in the vicinity of the KM OHL network. This report identifies all the pre-operational, operational and post-operational hazards and associated risk controls for all cranes in commercial service at the time of writing. Personnel hoisting platforms must be designed by: A qualified engineer, or another competent specialist qualified in structural design. Ensure that the operator can view their surroundings and adequately communicate with ground personnel. 6. Formal training should ensure a working knowledge of crane load charts, and on-the-job training is a great preventative measure if the trainer is qualified. 8 reasons to replace the fixtures on your cranes now Cost and energy savings Less maintenance and en more reliability Immediate full power Durability Government requirements Better light: increased labor productivity Better light: increased safety Business continuity 1. The mission of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is: To send every worker home whole and healthy every day. Operators and controllers must maintain 100 percent focus on the task at hand to avoid potentially dangerous situations. Here are some duties of a crane crew: Monitor the working area and ensure no hazards or obstacles are in the vicinity of the crane. If you work with dump trucks, bucket trucks, cranes, excavators, backhoes, ladders, or other equipment with a long reach, chances are you are working dangerously close to overhead or underground power lines . Overall, its important for operators and workers to receive the appropriate training to avoid danger zones where electrocution can occur. -- Being struck by materials or caught in pinch points Acute silicosis occurs after a few months or as long as 2 years following exposures to ________ concentrations of respirable crystalline silica. When the work zone is demarcated under 1408 (a) (1) (i), the employer must then determine, pursuant to 1408 (a) (2), whether any part of the equipment, load line or load (including rigging and lifting accessories), could get closer than the minimum clearance distance to a power line. Remember your overhead crane limits. 5. Audiometric testing monitors an employee's hearing: Acute silicosis occurs after a few months or as long as 2 years following exposures to ________ concentrations of respirable crystalline silica. Here are some duties of a rigger: Pre-Job Planning Pre-job planning is very important to prevent accidents when trenching. -- Be water-resistant and slow burning An aerial work platform (AWP), also known as an aerial device, elevating work platform (EWP), cherry picker, bucket truck or mobile elevating work platform (MEWP) is a mechanical device used to provide temporary access for people or equipment to inaccessible areas, usually at height. The victim was a member of a crew that was constructing the back concrete wall of an underground water-holding tank at a sewage treatment plant. True or False: There is usually some form of warning before a cave-in. Operators should also maintain a safe speed when operating near power lines. *This document is issued, as a guide, to explain the procedures to be followed at the site by Third Party Contractors while working in the vicinity of MV/LV OHL. crane, elevating work platform or a concrete pumping truck is operating around energised overhead electric lines and associated electrical equipment and the risk . $$. Notices. Todays operator must be well trained and have a clear understanding of load dynamics, lifting capacities at various configurations, and the conditions under which such lifting capacities are valid. Clear and effective communications between those roles is essential. Avoid man-baskets. Employers must provide employees with effective information and training on hazardous chemicals in their work area: -- At the time of their initial assignment OSHA 1926.454(c) states: When an employer has reason to believe that an employee lacks the skill or understanding needed for safe work involving the erection, use or dismantling of scaffolds, the employer shall: Retrain each such employee so that the requisite proficiency is regained (Your Answer). The most effective way to prevent exposure to crystalline silica is: Substitution of a product that contains silica with a product that doesn't contain silica, Final Exam OSHA 10 hour construction program. Crane Safety Hazards and Control Measures. If the load or sling holding the load isnt properly secured, the objects can slip out, tip, and eventually crash to the ground below. Assist with assembling and/or disassembling components of the crane as needed. -- Hearing protection to be used. Only employees need to demonstrate and practice safe manual lifting techniques. -- There are exposed electrical hazards. unpleasant noise, dust, dirt, or fumes from the work area. If this is the approach at your job site, then: You must clean and disinfect the eyewear between each use (Your Answer). The four main causes of crane accidents are contact with power lines, overturns, falls and mechanical failure. But, overhead crane accidents cause severe injuries and fatalities every year. Approach distances are only part of an overall safe system of work you should use when working in the vicinity of overhead electric lines and associated electrical equipment. True or False: Before the advent of OSHA, a cohesive system of separate rules existed that effectively governed the American workplace. Since the invention of the crane in ancient Greece, it has been a part of the working landscape. Some Michigan residents faced a fourth straight day without power Sunday as crews continued work to restore electricity more than 165,000 homes and businesses in the greater Detroit area following . OSHA requires that many categories of PPE meet or be equivalent to standards developed by: The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) (Your Answer). The 2010 standard addresses key hazards related to cranes and derricks on construction worksites, including the four main causes of worker death and injury: electrocution, crushed by parts of the equipment, struck-by the equipment or load, and falls. -- Receptacles that are not part of a building or structure. A noise level of 95 dB is ______ than the lowest level at which hearing protection is required (85 dB), and your exposure should be limited to six hours or less. The duties of a crane operator involve many responsibilities. OSHA requires that employers pay for most required personal protective equipment (PPE), including: The OSHA standards for Construction and General Industry are also known as: What type of OSHA inspection is conducted when immediate death or serious harm is likely? Find the sum of the first $38$ terms of the arithmetic sequence with first term $2$ and $38$th term $113$. -- the weight 4. Overall, most crane safety programs outline competent personnel requirements, and its a good idea to become familiar with them. Reversing direction can cause heavy loads to spill, and swinging the load is very risky. is inherently dangerous. Likewise, suspended loads should never be moved over employees and personnel should never be lifted or transported on a hoist. One way to reduce the risk of falling materials is to perform regular maintenance of hoists. True or False: Only personnel instructed in the requirements of the standard and the task to be performed - along with their tools, equipment and materials needed for the job - are allowed on the platform. CRANE OPERATOR, GRADE 9 At the grade 9 level there are two kinds of crane operation described: bridge crane and boom crane. Employees working around overhead cranes should always wear proper head, foot, hand, and eye protection. Assign a second employee on the ground to monitor the area, in addition to the worker at height. 1. It is essential for all persons undertaking these roles to be competent, having relevant up-to-date training and the qualifications and experience appropriate to the operations for which they are responsible. They help move heavy items from one place, Read More Factors That May Cause A Forklift Truck To OverturnContinue, An Essex-based builder has today been sentenced after putting three people at risk of carbon monoxide poisoning. It is designed in such a manner that all overturning forces are counteracted by the concrete pad and the counterweights hanging off the machinery arm. Assist with the cleaning and maintenance of the crane after an operation. (Your Answer). One commonality that all three hazards share is the qualifications of crane operators. Be aware of any potential hazards near the work area, and report them to the supervisor immediately. General safety principles that can help reduce workplace accidents include: 7. Monitor the cranes operations and provide guidance as needed. Electric shock occurs when: Workers need to take which of the following common-sense steps to protect themselves from falls through skylights and roof and floor openings? The mission of the following apply to your job a boatswain 's chair for the worker height. Usually some form of warning before a cave-in because the loads being lifted overhead. 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